Improving Educational Status in Laribanga Essays

Improving Educational Status in Laribanga Essays Improving Educational Status in Laribanga Essay Improving Educational Status in Laribanga Essay The report presents a clear account of all the aspect of the problems or constraints and opportunities or potentials of Laribanga community. It is a combination of both written and oral information from reliable source to produce this document. This report is categorized in seven units namely:Brief presentation of the updated community profile, community problems and potentials emanating from the community profile ,analysis of community needs and aspiration ,analysis of demands and potentials of the private sector ,NGO’s and CBO’s in the community, identification of community development issues, community SWOT /POCC analysis of the community development issues identified and development intervention(proposal write up). It seeks to expose the development problems and potentials of the community. PRESENTATIONThe community profile of Laribanga in the Zabzugu District of Northern Region prepared by GROUP 424 and presented to the coordinating committee of the third trimester field practical program (TTFPP) of the University for Development Studies (UDS). This is a prior segment of the two stages of the field practical program geared towards the partial fulfillment to the award of Bachelor of Arts and Science Degree or Diploma. NAME OF STUDENTS| IDENTITY NUMBER| EZEKIEL ATUGUBA ATAMBIRE| IMS/0283/10| AMPONSAH BARBARA| IMS/0202/10| ACHEAW EMMANUEL| IBS/0674/10| MENSAH ODUM BRIGHT | DMS/0328/10|YAKUBU IKIMA| DMS/0420/10| BA-INGE FELICIA| DBS/0084/10| MIKADO DESMOND| IDS/8530/10| LAMBERT MBUN AYAMBILLA| RES/0259/10| KUUWAABU FRED| CN/1075/10| AKOTO EDEM EUGENE| FMS/0087/10| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The project work could not have ended successfully without a support. Our first and foremost thanks go to the Almighty God for his spiritual protection and guidance throughout our stay in the community. Since no achievement can be made in life without the help of many known and unknown individuals contributing directly or indirectly, the group is highly indebted to the following people. Our Co-ordinator Mr.Lolig Victor and other co-ordinating committee members of UDS and the acting Chief of Laribanga; Naa Alidu Haruna and his elders. Our second thanks go to MOFA (Zabzugu District Assembly), the Assemblyman of Laribanga Hon. Saaka Aminu. To our Landlords, contact persons; we say a big thank you for your support and hospitality. Finally, the group will be ungrateful if we fail to appreciate the time, support and service of the community members and to all who made it possible to contribute their quota either directly or indirectly but their names were not mentioned, we say God richly bless you TABLE OF CONTENT i. Preface ii.Presentation iii. Acknowledgement iv. Table of Content iv. Executive Summary v. Introduction vi. Main Body 1. Brief Presentation of the updated community profile 2. 1. Natural Resource and Environment 2. 2. Population Characteristics 2. 3. Social Development 2. 4. Economic Development 2. 5. Historical and Local governance 2. 0Community Problems and Potentials emanating from the community profile 2. 1 Natural Resource and Environment 2. 2 Population Characteristics 2. 3 Social Development 2. 4 Economic Development 2. 5 Historical and Local governance 3. 0 Analysis of community needs and aspirations . 0 Analysis of Demands and Potentials of Private sector, NGO’s and CBO’s in the community. 5. 0 Identification of community development issues 6. 0 Community SWOT/POCC analysis of the community development issues identified 7. 0 Development interventions (Proposal write up). 7. 1 Justification of prioritized development intervention 7. 2 Goal 7. 3 Objectives 7. 4 Operationalization of the proposal 7. 5 Budget 7. 6 Sustainability issues Conclusion Recommendation(s) Appendix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is the executive research findings obtained in Laribanga community by GROUP 424 students on their TTFPP.The report emphasizes on the aims and objectives of the research methodology, key findings, conclusion and recommendation. The Objectives of the research are to present and discuss the developmental problems and potentials emanating from the community, to give the avenue for review and update of the developmental problems and opportunities of the community members, to solicit views from the community members about the appropriate interventions of the problems of the community, the research is also to develop a proposal or development plan for the community.Some research methodologies used in the research are key informants interviews (used to questions persons about the developmental problems of the community), transect walk (used to examine the environmental settings of the comm unity), random sampling (this is used to ascertain information from the community members concerning updates on population and education), and secondary data (this was employed by the group to enable us acquire information from the District capital). The research also brought up certain key findings in the community.The active lab our force serves as a great potential to the community and the nature of the soil is suitable for agriculture activities such as farming and rearing of farm animals. Also illiteracy rate is high in the community and this militates the development of the community and low technical know increase in population can cause inversion of new technology.PROBLEMS The high labour force does not reflect into high productivity due to the insufficient educational facilities specifically vocational and technical institutions in the community which would have equipped the people with the necessary skills that could be used to develop the community. Poor ventilation due t o the structure of building found in the community. High dependency ratio 2. 3 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT The presence of boreholes serves as a source of water for the community. The road serves as transportation for easy transfer of food stuff and other logistics from the community to other places. PROBLEMS There are always health problems in the community since there is no health care centre in the community. The absence of communication channels pose difficulties during the dissimilation of information from the community to the district level and vice versa 2. 4 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS Since farming is the main occupation in the community, if given the necessary support from government and NGOs can lead to high productivity in the community. If the local industries in the community such as the sheabutter, kulikuli making, blacksmithing and the rest, if given the necessary support can produce in large scale. The practice system of farming in the community makes way for the use of animal waste to enrich the soil for farming. PROBLEMS Lack of modern storage facilities, keeping farming to the traditional forms of storing farm products No support from government agencies and NGOs. Inadequate funds to produce on large scale. 2. 5 HISTORICAL AND LOCAL GOVERNANCE POTENTIALS There is mutual co-operation among the Paramount Chief and the divisional chiefs as well as the chief and assembly member in the Laribanga community. The NGOs can establish industries in the community due to nature of the land 3.ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY NEEDS AND ASPIRATIONS After a meeting with the community, a number of needs and aspirations were identified. The needs and aspirations are; Low level of education No access to electricity Poor road network Agriculture input and machinery Insufficient potable water NEEDS AND ASPIRATIONS| NUMBER| SCORE| RANKING| | | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| | | Low level of education| 1| 6| -| 4| 2| 3| 15| 1st| Poor road network| 2| 2| 2| -| 3| 2| 9| 3rd| No access to electrici ty| 3| 4| 2| 4| 2| -| 12| 2nd| Insufficient portable water| 4 | 1| 1| 2| -| 2| 6| 5th| Agricultural amp; machinery| 5| 2| 3| -| 1| 2| 8| 4th|Score Interpretation 1 represents the pressing need and aspiration of the community in an order to 5 being the least pressing need and aspiration of the community. 4. ANALYSIS OF DEMANDS AND POTENTIALS OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR,NGOs AND CBOs IN THE COMMUNITY. The community has a lot of potential that demand the support of the private sector such as NGOs, CBOs and other organizations. The community is noted to be farming dominated zone and hence needs support from the above organizations in area such as farming.If organizations like OXFAM, PARED provide livestock and other farming logistics it will empower the activities of farming in the community. 5. IDENTIFICATION OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ISSUES The community has interest on issues pertaining to education in the community. The community members are doing their best to get a classroom block in col laboration with the school authorities due to the overcrowding nature of the classrooms. The community always supports the school through communal labour. Also the school gets support from other NGOs such as World Food Program (INFP), Catholic Relief Services in collaboration with WorldVision, Eye Wash (Alert Club) are in process of bringing support to the school. 6. COMMUNITY SWOT ANAYSIS ON THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IDENTIFIED The strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analyses the problem and opportunities of the community. These processes will help to sharpen awareness and conceit members of the community about realities in their community and lead them to develop strategies to deal with them. This open the way for effective and relevant project ideas for the communityNEEDS| STRENGTH| WEAKNESS| OPPORTUNITIES| THREATS| Low level of education| Classroom for primary pupils| Inadequate teachers| Support from world food program and CRS| Irregular rainfall| Poor road network| Availability of resource and labour| Lack of initiative| Ministry of road and transport to provide road for the community| Post harvest loses due to bad road network| No access to electricity| Availability of resource labour| Lack of initiative| The government can help them access electricity| Retard development| Insufficient portable water| Two(2) boreholes available| Low access to water| Support from government and other NGOs to be of aid| Scarcity of water| Agriculture input and machinery| Availability of vast land| Low technical knowledge| MOFA,NGOs can provide farm inputs and machinery| Irregular rainfall| 7. DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTION(PROPOSAL WRITE UP) Based on the last year’s finding, out of a total population of 471 the illiteracy was calculated to be 62. 63%. As a result of t this, it was found that the major problem of the people of the community is low level of education. The community is contributing their quota to improve the educational system in th e community. 7. 2 GOAL OF THE PROPOSAL The ultimate goal of the proposal is to reduce high illiteracy rate in the Laribanga community. The achievement of this goal will in a long run improve the living standard of the people. 7. 3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSAL Short Term objectives Provision of Teaching and Learning Materials (TLMs)at the cost GH? 1000. 00 annually Provision of dual desks Improving human resource (Teachers) Sensitization of the parent on the importance of education Long Term objectives Building of six classroom unit block at the cost of GH? 137,003. 32 from December 2012 to December 2014. 7. 4 OPERATIONALIZATION OF THE PROPOSAL 1. Setting up five member resource personnel’s 2. Sensitization of community members on the importance of education 3. Distribution of teaching and learning material (TLMs) 4. Organizing workshops for teachers. 5. Organizing PTA meeting at regular intervals. 6. Organizing Speech and Prize Giving for studentsACTIVITY| OVI| MOV| TF| INPUT| OUTPUT| RESPONSIBILITY| ASSUMPTION| Setup five member resource personals| Committee formed and list of members available| Committee fully working| 2 weeks| Survey of committee to meet stakeholders| Committee has been formed| Manager| Delay in decision makingInadequate qualified resource personnel| Sensitization of community members| Meeting of community members by resource personnel| Presence committee member at meeting| 1 week| Funding and education| Community well sensitized| Co-ordinator| Language barrier| Distribution of Teaching and Learning Materials| List of TLMs given to the school| Monitoring of report| 1 week| Education material and funding| School receive TLMs and can use| Circuit Supervisor| Ineffective supervisionInsufficient funding| Organizing workshop for teachers| Meeting of teacher by resource personnel| Presence of teacher at workshop| 1 week| Funding and transportation| Teachers well upgraded| Facilitator| Poor organizationInadequate funding| Organizing a PTA mee ting| Meeting of teacher and parents by PTA executive| Presence of eacher and parents at meeting| 1 week| Deliberating on PTA agenda| Agenda successfully formed| PTA Chairperson| Poor organizationWeather condition| Organizing Speech and Prize Giving| Setup Speech and Prize Giving committee| Presence of shake holders and invited guest| 1 week| Funding| Speech and Prize Giving successful| Chairperson| Insufficient fundingPoor Organization| BUDGET ACTIVITY| INPUT DISCRIPTION| QUATIITY| UNIT COST(GH? )| TOTAL COST(GH? )| Setup five member resource personnel| Transportation cost(fueling)Refreshment coupons| 10 gallons of fuel 5| 8. 00 15. 00| 80. 00 75. 00| Sensitization of community members| Transportation costOrganizing community gathering| 10 gallons of fuel| 8. 00| 80. 00 300. 00| Distribution of teaching and learning materials| Purchasing of materials Transportation cost| -10 gallons of fuel| 8. 00| 920. 00 80. 0| Organizing workshop for teachers| Transportation costRefreshment cou pons| 10 gallons of fuel| 8. 00 | 80. 00 400. 00| Organizing a PTA meeting| Refreshment coupons| | | 100. 00| Organizing Speech and Prize Giving| Transportation costRefreshment couponsOther logistics| 10 gallons of fuel -| 8. 00 -| 80. 00 1,000. 00 1,500. 00| Building of six classroom block| | | | 137,002. 32| COST OF PAY TO COMMITTEE MEMBERS = GH? 5,000. 00 TOTAL GH? 146,697. 32 6-CLASSROOM BLOCK/OFFICE/STORE/LIBRARY COURTYARDDESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )| GROUNDWORKD20 Excavating and fillingClear site of small trees, bushes, shrub etcExcavate top soil and cart away from site to aDistance not exceeding 100m,average depth 150mmExcavation trenches, width exceeding 0. 30m,Maximum depth not exceeding 1. 00mExcavate trenches for aprons and steps, width 0. 30m, maximum depth 0. 25mExcavate pits; maximum depth; not exceeding 1. 00mDisposal of excavated material off siteFilling to excavations, materials arising from excavationsHardcore filling to make up levels, with selected laterite gravel obtained off site and compacted in layers not exceeding 225mm thick, average thickness exceeding 0. 5mFilling to make up level, around building with selected laterite gravel obtained off site and compact, average thickness 150mmApron hardcore bed filling dittoFilling to make up levels, in courtyard with selected laterite gravel obtained off site and compacted, average thickness 150mmFilling with Black soil obtained off site in courtyard average thickness 225mm | 124812481001524574730665359515| m2m2m3m3m3m3m3m3m3m3m3m3| 1. 301. 305. 005. 005. 002. 002. 0015. 0014. 0014. 0015. 00| 1,622. 401,622. 40500. 0075. 00120. 00114. 0094. 004590. 00910. 00490. 001330. 00225. 00| GROUNDWORK TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| 11,692. 80| 6-CLASSROOM BLOCK/OFFICE/STORE/LIBRARY COURTYARD DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT|Formwork cont’Ditto, to sides and soffits of beams/lintel beltDitto, to sides of stepsDitto, to sides and soffits of croppingE30 Reinforcement for insitu concrete1 2mm diameter; mild steel reinforcement; in column bases12mm diameter; ditto; in all columns12mm diameter; ditto; in beams/ lintel belt6mm diameter links, in columns6mm diameter links in Intel belt/Intel belt6mm diameter links in coping| 138110. 290. 221. 090. 050. 230. 01| m2m2mtttttt| 7. 007. 007. 003,500. 003,500. 003,500. 003,200. 003,200. 003,200. 00| 966. 007. 007. 001,015. 00770. 003,815. 00160. 00736. 1032. 00| Carried to collection| | | | 7,508. 00| COLLECTIONPage No. 2Page No. 3| | | | 30,488. 007,508. 00| IN SITU CONCRETE/LARGE PRECAST CONCRETETOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 37,996. 00| DESCRIPTION | QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )|STRUCTURAL/CARCASSING METAL/TIMBERG20 Carpentry/Timber framing/First fixingSawn hardwood50mm x 100mm rafters in trusses50mm x 100mm bottom chords in trusses50mm x 100mm baces in trusses, ripped in two parts for double bracing50mm x 100mm ridge piece 50mm x 50mm Ofram ceiling noggins50mm x 75mm Ofram ceiling joists50mm x 100mm Ofram purlinsWrot hardw ood50mm x 150mm door/window frames38mm x 250mm fascia boards15mm x 45mm door/window stops15mm x 45mm cover battens15mm x 45 ceiling battens| 693634166980103115904395220137345148| mmmmmmmmmmmm| 4. 504. 504. 504. 004. 004. 505. 005. 006. 001. 001. 002. 00| 3,118. 502,853. 007510. 50360. 00412. 00460. 004,068. 001,975. 001,320. 00137. 00345. 00296. 00| Carried to collection| | | | 22,855. 00|DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )| Metal work6mm diameter mild steel; door/window clamps;500mm long; including boring into hardwood100mm diameter, door dowel 250mm including boring into hardwood jambs6mm diameter truss anchors 3000mm long including casting into Intel belt and tying to trussesDitto; purlin anchors; 500mm long16mm diameter mild steel burglar bars ends bedded into hardwood6mm diameter mild steel burglar bars reinforcement welded to ends of burglar bars| 3663613678815813| nr nr nr nr m m| | 366. 0036. 00212. 00788. 00344. 8023. 40| Carried to collection| | | | 1,769. 80| COLLECT IONPage No. Page No. 6| | | | 22,855. 001,769. 80| STRUCTURAL/CARCASSING METAL/TIMBERTOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 24,624. 80| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )| CLADDING/COVERINGH72 Aluminum sheet coverings/flashings0. 5mm gauge Corrugated Aluminum roofing sheets; with 225mm end laps and two corrugations side laps; including approved drive screw nails, felt and cap as per manufacturer’s specification0. 5mm gauge pre-formed aluminum ridge caps, 457mm girth | 817 80| m2 m| 21. 00 9. 00| 17,157. 00 720. 00| CLADDING/COVERINGTOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 17,877. 00| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )|LININGS/SHEATHING/DRY PARTITIONINGS6mm thick plywood ceiling board, BONDPLEX quality fixed by nailing to noggins/joists| 85| m2| 20. 00| 1,700. 00| LINING/SHEATHINGS/DRY PARTITIONINGSTOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 1,700. 00| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )| WINDOWS/DOORS/STAIRSMetalwindows/rooflights/screens/LouvreSupply and fix pair 8-blade WYNN louvre ca rriersTimber doors/shutter/hatchesFramed, ledged braced and door; comprising 50mm x 100mm middle rails, 19mm x 75mm V-jointed Tamp;G strips on external face and 6mm thick plywood on internal face; overall size 700mm x 2295mm x 50mm thickDitto; 800mm x 2295mm x 50mm thickFramed, Ledged and galvanized sheet cladded window fans comprising 40mm x 60mm top/bottom rail and stiles, 40mm x 60mm middle rails, 1. 0mm galvanized sheet cladding external face overall size;675mm x 1145 x 44mm thickMetal doors/shutters/hatchersRaised panel flat sheet metal gates with framing and fixing accessories; double leave, overall size 3. 00m x 1. 80m highGeneral glazingPlain/obscure louvre blades; not exceeding 900mStandard unitsTygan aluminum mosquito proof netting or equally approved quality50mm x 50mm grid galvanized weld mesh, 2. 5mm, nailed to hardwood| 221428411762727| nrnrnrnrnrnrm2m2| 45. 00120. 00120. 0060. 00500. 002. 504. 004. 00| 990. 001,680. 00290. 005,040. 00500. 00440. 00108. 00108. 00| WIND OWS/DOORS/STAIRS TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 9,106. 00| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )|SURFACE FINISHESSand cement /Concrete/Granolithic screeds/ flooring50mm thick cement and sand screed (1 :4) on floors25mm thick screeded bed (1:4) on aprons and stepsPlastered/Rendered/Roughcast coating13mm thick cement and sand plastering (1:7) on block or concrete surface internally13mm thick cement and sand rendering (1:6) on block work or concrete surface externally13mm thick cement and sand rendering (1:6) on sides of aprons and steps externally13mm thick cement and sand plastering (1:3) on masonry as chalkboardPainting/Clear finishingPrepare and apply three coats Azar emulsion paint on plastered wall surface internallyDitto three coats of Azar Emulsion paint on ceilingDitto three coats of renovator paint on blackboardDitto three coats Azar emulsion paint on rendered wall surface externallyDitto; three coats Azar Tile Red Emulsion paint on lower half below cill to plinth externa llyPrepare knot, prime, stop, and apply one coat Azar wood primer and two final coats Azar gloss paint on hardwood; girth not exceeding 300mmDitto, girth exceeding 300mmDitto, on metal burglar bars | 551806265716617609851750179207168| m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2m2| 8. 004. 504. 505. 004. 006. 002. 302. 302. 302. 302. 302. 002. 002. 00| 4,408. 00360. 002,817. 002,855. 00264. 00100. 001,400. 70195. 5039. 001,152. 30181. 70414. 00s32. 0016. 00| SURFACE FINISHES TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 14,237. 0| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )| BUILDING FABRIC SUNDRIESIronmongeryItaly class A made mortice locks with a set of lever handle furniture as specified by architectApproved quality hasp and staple1 1/2 pair brass butt hinges 100mm long with screws to matchPair brass butt hinges 100mm long with dittoBrass tower bolts; 100mm long screwed to woodBrass tower bolts; 150mm long screwed to woodHeavy duty brass/chrome padlock with set of keys| 27168484147| nrnrnrnrnrnrnr| 46. 009. 006. 0 09. 009. 008. 0014. 00| 92. 0063. 0096. 00756. 00756. 00112. 0098. 00| BUILDING FABRIC SUNDRIES TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY| | | | 1,973. 00| DESCRIPTION| QTY| UNIT| RATE| AMOUNT(? )|SUMMARYGROUNDWORKIN SITU CONCRETE/LARGE PRECAST CONCRETEMASONARYSTRUCTURAL/CARCASSING METAL/TIMBERCLADDING/COVERINGLININGS/SHEATHING/DRY PARTITIONINGSWINDOWS/DOORS/STAIRSSURFACE FINISHESBUILDING FABRIC SUNDRIESMEASURED WORKPRELIMINARIES| | | | 11,692. 8037,996. 0015,735. 0024,624. 8017,877. 001,700. 009,106. 0014,237. 301,973. 00| | | | | 134,941. 902,060. 42| TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST| | | | 137,002. 00| BUDGET = GH? 146,697. 32 10% contingency cost of budget = GH? 14,169. 732 TOTAL COST OF BUDGET = GH? 146,697. 32 + GH? 14,169. 732 = GH? 161,367. 052 7. 6 SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Sustainability of the proposal is important because of the support mechanism or arrangement that has been put in place to support the proposal when it comes to an end.Some of the issues in the Laribanga community are based on the fol lowing Environment Gender Economic Political and Community participation Environmentally, the project can be best sustained if trees are planted around the school to serve as windbreaks. The group also proposes that fence wall should be put up to protect the school property and also setting-up of functional SMC to take care of the maintenance of the school and also cordial relationship among teachers In relation to gender, the community has a current population of five hundred and thirty one (531), out of which two hundred and fifty (250) are males and two hundred and eight one (281) are females.With regards to this, there should be gender sensitivity to ensure sustainability of the school in terms of decision making. Additionally, parents and guardians should be educated on their roles and importance of education by sending their wards to school to help boost the enrollment of the school. Economically, PTA in collaboration with SMCs should establish school farms and use their proce eds from the farm to boost the spirit of teachers and their wards during the school’s Speech and Prize Giving Day. Politically, the project should not be seen as politically motivated where other party members might want to distance themselves in sustaining the project but it should be seen as an asset to the community and its sustainability should be all inclusive.With respect to community participation, the community needs to be part in the project planning, decision making and execution of the project to ensure that the benefits for which the project is executed is being achieved The sustainability of the project is essential in order to improve the educational status of Laribanga and reduce the illiteracy rate. CONCLUSION Laribanga is a community in the Zabzugu District of the Northern Region of Ghana. It is located in the southeast of the District Capital about 40Km (25miles). The community is endowed with natural and human resources. The community has a population of 53 1 of which two hundred and fifty (250) are males and two hundred and eight one (281) are females. Islam is the dominant religion with a percentage of 98. 1% of the population followed by African Traditional Religion and Christianity constituting 1. 7% and 0. 2% respectively. The predominant food crops are yam, maize and groundnuts.The community has numerous developmental challenges which include high illiteracy rate, lack of agricultural farm inputs, no access to electricity and poor sanitation The community through the facilitation of the group proposed the building of a Primary and Junior High School (J. H. S) and other facilities to improve the educational status and reduce the high illiteracy rate in the Laribanga community. The proposed budget is expected to cost GH? 146,697. 32 and covers the period between September 2012 to December 2014 for implementation in order to create a suitable environment for teaching and learning. In addition, this project can be best sustained by t he effective participation of the community, motivation of teachers, formation of functional PTA, SMCs and others RECOMMENDATIONThe following recommendations are derived from the conclusion of the development problems of Laribanga community The community members should plants trees around the school to sustain the project if completed The community member (parents and guidance) should sent their wards to school The District Assembly should ensure the release of extension officers to the community and other NGOs to educate the community farmers since it is a farming zone Parents and guardians should monitor the activities of their wards in school at regular time intervals The community should practice mixed cropping The community members should always be present and punctual at school gathering like PTA meetings. APPENDIX ACRONYMS UDS: Un