Starbucks Coffee Essay Example for Free

Starbucks Coffee EssayStarbucks has more than 17,000 stores in oer the earthly concern ( following the information in 2010) including over 11,000 in the United States, over 1,000 in Canada, and over 700 in the United Kingdom Follow the the information of BusinessWeek. com. in 2010. The Brand Value of Starbucks is 3339 million U. S Dollar. Rank 97 in over the world http//www. interbrand. com/en/best-global-brands/best-global-brands-2008/best-global-brands-2010. aspx Employees 137,000 (2010) Website Starbucks. com Currently Starbucks is present in more than 55 countries.But until 2011, Starbucks still have non come to VN. Our group think that Starbucks should come to VN through franchising method Why opt Viet Nam 1/ A suitable model of growth In new-made years, Vietnam has favorable conditions for business activity * GDP growth averaging over 8% * The economic situation is stable * The purchasing power is rated highly in the world VietNam became officially the 150th member of WTO. It opens up a dish out of opportunities for not only VNs entrepreneurs but also other countries ones 2/ Policies from VN government.VN government foster investments VN Laws allowed foreign enterprise play comfortably in VN which it didnt occur in the past 3/ Others Vietnam population is 82 million, among whom 2/3 be young people In Viet Nam, people spend 70% their income for consuming, especially in food ( Follow the data from The General Statistics Office) Why choose franchising What is franchising? - Starbucks chooses Franchising as its international entry strategy.A franchise is a business arrangement where the developer/owner (the franchiser) of a business concept grants others (the franchisees) the licensed right to own and influence a businesses based on the franchisers business concept, using its trademark. For complete franchising model, the franchisor share and transfer of at least four types of products include * Systems ( Strategies, model, management process, marketing support )* Trade or business secrets * Right to operate under the Starbucks brand * Products and services Franchising in Viet Nam With Vietnams entry into the WTO, it is expected that franchising activity in the republic will increase markedly over the next few years. There are presently a handful of major franchises operating in the democracy, including Kentucky heat up Chicken, Lotteria, Jollibee, Pho 24, Gloria Jeans Coffees, Buntamita and Cartridge World. In the past, Vietnamese law did not provide a clear basis for franchising arrangements, groundwork for franchising to develop in Vietnam.Reasons which Starbucks should choose franchisng In fact, with the economy situation in VN, franchising brings a lot of advantages to both franchisor and franchisees Franchisor * Franchising reduces the risk of investment into a new market for Starbucks. * Starbucks dont sine qua non to have a huge capital. Capital is always one of the biggest problems of any company. But with franchising establishment, the franchisors dont need to worry about it beca affair franchisees have to use the capital of them to expand business, not franchiser. * Franchising help Starbucks access the new market quickly and make rapid expansion over broad area.In Vietnam market, especially coffee market, you have to find the way to develop and grow continuously to compete with others. No development means that going back. Its lucky that franchising system can help you expand, develop your business quickly. * Promote the brand promotion strongly. With the expansion quickly of franchising system, it also helps Starbucks to advertise Starbuckss image widely when hundreds of Starbuckss stores appear everywhere.Beside that, the advertising cost will be shared for all stores, so Starbucks dont have to spend much money to transmit their huge advertising campaigns * maximize income. In franchising system, franchisor can earn a lot of money from franchisees from copyright cost, the cost for the right to operate under Starbuckss brand, the profit of franchisees to raw materials which franchisees have to buy directly from Starbucks * almost importantly, franchisees are motivated operators to do a good job.Franchisees have to use the capital of them to operate business. So, it will be a great motivation for them to work well Franchisees * Franchising primary benefit is risk minimization.Starting a new business is risky. Most studies show that over 90 percent fail within three years. The primary reason that the failure rate is so high is because the owners have to do many things. They have to have a plan to introduce their new products or service, beside that they have to do operating plan, marketing plan to achieve their goal. tout ensemble of them contain many risks. And the retailer often dont have a lot of experiences when they start a new business, they have to spend a lot of magazine to learn characteristic elements of each industry.Franchising reduces risk fo r these things. When you join a franchising system, franchisee will be trained, taught from experiences to succeederful secrets which franchisor has to spend a lot of time to k at one time. * Another benefits of franchising is the franchisee dont have to go through beginning step when you have to do a lot of things, and spend a lot of money to survive, to build an image in consumer mind. * The next benefit, the well known brand names of franchisers are another reason of franchising to franchisees. Nowadays, therere a lot of same products in different brands in market.Therefore, building a famous brand which everyone know and trust is a key to survive and success with any business. With franchising system, franchisee is allowed to succeed a brand which have a stable position in market, it is really a big advantage for retailer * Maximize manpower the franchisee only have to focus on business operations. The rest like strategies, marketing process will be built and transferred to fra nchisee by franchisor * clean to borrow money from banks Because franchise system was proven to be the safest business system.Therefore, it is easier for franchisees to ask money from banks Objectives Short-term Assert brand of Starbucks coffee in HCM urban center area. Try to lead Starbucks to become a familiar brand in customer mind Long-term Create a unique coffee assimilation of Starbucks in VN. Lead Starbuck brand become a standard for coffee in Vietnam Target market and location Target market Based on our franchising strategy, our objectives in long term and short term, Starbucks will target consumers between the age of 18-50, with a specific concentration on officers and businessman. Demographic Age 18-50. sex activity Male and Female Income Average to high income Occupation Businessman, officers, students, intelligentsia Psychographic Life Style For those who have deep experience about coffee People who requisite to choose for themselves some products that have brand nam e that show their levels. For people who value quality and service above money People who want to sleep together Starbucks coffees culture Location Follow our objectives in short term and long term. Starbuckss stores have to occur densely in Ho Chi Minh City, especially in Main streets and main districts where have high living.Plazas and buildings Big universities, especially international universities through Starbuckss stalls (Most of them serve get coffee only) Analyze Environment in VietNam Social and Cultural Environment General View On the basis of study and observation of the rapid development of Vietnamese societal life in recent decades, this text tries to suggest a global view on the cultural environment in Vietnam the country which is still unequal, but which nonetheless(prenominal) has got rather high indexes of life expectancy and education.Cultural environment in Vietnam nowadays is fine, fair, and healthy. However, the cultural environment in Vietnam is now unprec edentedly rich, complicated, and fraught with plenty of implicit problems. Vietnam has three main advantages Firstly, a suitable model of development secondly, political and social stability and thirdly, a nationwide strong will for progress, with 82 million inhabitants, among whom 2/3 are young people. 3. Business Environment in Vietnam a. Macro Environment in Vietnam sparing Factors.Ho Chi Minh Citys per capita income has doubled the figure of the solid country a recent conform to by the HCMC Institute for Development Studies has showed. The first-ever survey on the income and living standards of HCMC households was conducted in 12 districts, with 720 questionnaires released. The survey revealed Ho Chi Minh Citys per capita income has increased over the past years to US$2,500, compared to the whole countrys $1,200. However, the average income of the rich is seven times higher than that of the poor in Ho Chi Minh City, according to the survey.HCMC is now home to 80,000 poor hou seholds, a Wednesday conference co-hosted by the HCMC Institute for Development Studies and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) was told. A poor household is defined as having the per capita income of VND12 million ($650). totally 24. 3 percent of Ho Chi Minh City residents feel satisfied with their income, according to the survey. Ho Chi Minh City dwellers spend half of their income on food, and 20 percent of their income on education, the survey says. There an average 4.6 members in a household in HCMC the number of people of working age makes up around 70 percent of the total population, the survey says. Vietnam defines a person of working age as aged between 18 and 60 for males and 18 to 55 for females. The southern hubs unemployment rate is 4. 5 percent, according to the survey. It also says only around half of HCMC households have been living in the city for less than 25 years meanwhile, the number of migrants within the past 10 years is increasing.

Modern Virtue Ethics Essay Example for Free

Modern Virtue Ethics EssayTo what extent do modern law ethics address the weaknesses of Aristotles teaching on virtues? (35) Virtue Ethics looks at a mortals keen traits, cognize as virtues and negative traits, known as vices a person is considered to be a estimable person if they ar virtuous and a morally wondering(a) person if they have developed lots of vices. Deontological and teleological ethicists argue that good or bad behaviour is far more important than a persons good or bad characteristics whereas Virtue Theory argues it is only by becoming a better person that we will engage in the right behaviour Virtue Theory looks at the agent in itself and rather than the action. The key concepts of Virtue Ethics were first penned by the ancient Hellenic philosopher, Aristotle and in more recent condemnations have been adapted and added to by Alasdair MacIntyre. Aristotles theory is made up of many key features, including Moral Virtues, The tenet of the Mean, Eud repelon ia, and Friendship and the Community.According to Aristotle, everything has a purpose, for example, pens, their purpose is to write, if the pen fulfils its purpose and writes well, it is a good pen. In the same way, if we equate Eudaimonia to the pen, Eudaimonia is the supreme name and address of human life, if a person reaches Eudaimonia, they are a considered a good person as the purpose was to be happy, therefore they have reached their purpose, just as the pen reaches its own. He too argued that every action comes down to this aim, every human being desires to be as happy as possible.An example of this is to subscribe to a Doctor or a Lawyer why they chose such professions, the majority would answer that they chose this profession because it pays well and they believed that being paid well would troika to an easier and happy life, or Eudaimonia. Aristotles theory also says that relationships and friendships play a very important role in how we behave as people and how our ac tions are determined we should all aim to individually achieve Eudaimonia, which would therefore achieve the greatest good for society as a whole as everyone would be happier Aristotle sees our communal friendships and relationships as a vital part of our moral code and flourishing as a virtuous being.As previously mentioned, a good life involves developing a good character and these are known as moral virtues which are cultivated by habit one must practice these good virtues in order to adopt them. Some of the key virtues Aristotle spoke of include modesty, generosity, patience, truthfulness and friendliness. Aristotle also spoke of Intellectual Virtues and Cardinal Virtues. Aristotle believed that we should aim to be virtuous people and avoid vices.Aristotles theory is centered around the concept of The Doctrine of the Mean this states that there are two different vices that accompany every virtue- the Vice of Deficiency and the Vice of Excess. The Vice of Deficiency refers to a distinct lack of virtues, whereas the Vice of Excess refers to too much of the virtue being present. For example, modesty, if there is a distinct lack of this virtue, it may result in shamelessness and if there is too much of this virtue, it may result in shyness. Aristotle argued that the Golden (or Virtuous) Mean is the middle of these to extremes and that is what people should aim to have.Aristotles theory is very logical and encourages people to adopt good characteristics which in an ideal introduction would result in every individual being as happy as possible however there are many criticisms of this theory. For example, it is somewhat indecipherable of what is considered a virtue and what is considered a vice and it is also unclear of who is responsible for deciding these as well as this, it could be argued that it is not possible to ginmill these virtues. It could also be argued that if every individual had exactly the same characteristics, everyone would be the same an d the world be become mundane and monotonous. Virtue Ethics also does not provide clear guidelines or rules of how to act in specific circumstances and is vague and subjective.Alasdair Macintyre is a Scottish philosopher, whose writing dates to the 20th Century CE. He made an attempt to alter Aristotles theory in order to make it more relative and contexualise the ideas. Macintyre snarl that morality had become lax and felt that they had become far hypothetical. He felt that people focused more on how an ethical theory would hold up under uncommon and chimerical circumstances rather than situations where morality counts. He believed that we should understand the consideration of ethics before attempting to fix modern moral dilemmas.Macintyres belief in context as the central part to ethical decision making shows us that he is relative in his ideology. He believed that virtues would change over time naturally, for example, valor for us is a person that confronts a gang of youths, throwing rocks at windows, or a police tackling a burglar, however 2000 years ago, bravery was considered as a man dying in battle, for his country. This is an attempt at addressing a weakness of Aristotelian Virtue Ethics, as it would encourage the person to look at the time and place before deciding whether the character traits are good or not. It has to be said that what may be considered good in the Congo may not necessarily be considered good in Brixton, London.Finally Macintyre addresses the issue of External and Internal goods. Internal Goods are what he calls, the qualities of a persons character. The External Goods are the things that a person relies on, for example,food or a decent living arrangement. He states that although these are valuable to the human nature, they can be considered good or bad. However the Internal Goods are the most important. This gives more relativism than Aristotelian Virtue Ethics which can be considered an improvement.In conclusion I aspect th at Alasdair Macintyre has made a good attempt to improve and change Aristotles version of Virtue Ethics, however we can still see some weaknesses. For example, it is rase more relative than Aristotles version and this can lead to ambiguity when facing a moral dilemma. This has not been addressed, in the modern version by Macintyre. It also does not eliminate the idea of universal virtues to achieve Eudaimonia. This is problematic. So, I feel that his attempt must be congratulated but I do not feel that it has been entirely successful as there are still elements which could be improved further.

Okonkwos tradition drink palm-wine

Okonkwos tradition drink palm-wineChapter 1He was a man of action, a man of warOn great occasions such as the funeral of a colony celebrity he drank his palm-wine from his first human head. (Page 10)This quote introduces us of to Okonkwos tradition to drink his palm-wine from a human skull. This lay outs us the difference surrounded by Okonkwo and Ibo. This also shows that Okonkwo admires man advocator who be tough fighters as well. He rejected his father, a man who was afraid of the sight of blood, partially because he never became a fighter.Chapter 2Perhaps down in his heart Okonkwo was not a cruel man. But his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of misery and of weakness.(Page 13)The quote emphasizes that Okonkwo felt that his father was a failure. According to Okonkwo, his father possessed unsuitable feminine qualities. This is one of the fundamental causes which cause him to commit some wretched acts. His actions also results in his eldest son in be attack a failur e (in Okonkwos opinion) as well. His son possesses none of the qualities that Okonkwo admires.Chapter 3An old fair sex is evermore uneasy when dry bones are mentioned in a proerb. Okonkwo remembered his own father.(Page 21)This Ibo proverb shows how much Okonkwo hates his father. He felt that he was a failure and he basically rejects everything that his father stood for. He is ashamed of his father, primarily because of his coward- the like qualities, his failure to rise up in society, and his failure to become a warrior.Chapter 4But he was not the man to go about telling his neighbors that he was in error. And so spate utter he had no respect for the gods of the order. His enemies said that his sizeable fortune had gone to his head. (Page 33)In this quote, Achebe portrays Okonkwos character. Okonkwo clearly shows a lack of thought topped by his pretentiousness. He was not a very likable person. Thus, people hated him and his achievements and was respected by very few. Later o n in the novel, we also see another characteristic develop in Okonkwo hypocrisy. In those by and by chapters, he go away reject everything he and his nationsman stand for.Chapter 5The Feast of the New Yam was held every year before the harvest began, to honor the commonwealth goddess and the ancestral spirits of the clan. New yams could not be eaten until some had first been offered to these powers. Men and women, young and old, looked forward to the New Yam Festival because it began the season of plentythe upstart year. (Page 36)When we were reading Great Expectations, we were asked to carefully analyze the food present in the novel. The food present in Things Fall Apart is as signifi brush offt. Yams was the main etymon of food. In fact, the yams were so highly regarded in the society that they were often called the the king of the crops. Further, people utilized the yams for all traditional celebrations. This food can be colligate with the religious and ancestral societal spirits. Certain celebrations such as the New Yam Festival took place to honor certain foods. Chinua Achebe used agri refinement to submit certain characteristics of each festival and celebration of the Igbo society.Chapter 6The wrestlers were now almost stillin each others grip. The muscles on their arms and their thighs and on their backs stood out and twitched It looked like an equal match. (Page 50)Although this chapter whitethorn seem significant it actually has a very significant common idea the wrestling match. Although wrestling may seem like a inhuman sport, it was an integral part of the local culture and society. Tribal customs outline what every member is supposed to do. Without customs, a culture does not exist. Moreover, wrestling matches for the Ibo village signified a boy becoming a man. The only way to prove himself worthy to be a man is to wrestle. This shows the importance of physical capacity in the tribe.Chapter 7No matter how prosperous a man was, if he wa s unable to rule his women and his children (and especially his women) he was not really a man. (Page 53)Okonkwo, the protagonist of the novel, is a very gender-role oriented man. When women gained the power to trade, we are do aware that their status in society is progressing upwards. Trade diverged basic family relations and the ideas upon which Igbo culture was established. It seems the idea that a man should rule his women and children does not perhaps come from Okonkwo himself, further rather from the Igbo culture itself. Overall, however, this quote symbolizes that women were looked upon as being inferior to men at the conviction.Chapter 8When did you become a shivering old woman, Okonkwo asked himself, you, who are known in all the nine villages for your valor in war? How can a man who has killed five men in battle fall to pieces because he has added a boy to their number? Okonkwo, you have become a woman indeed. (Page 65)The Ibo culture is very different from sophistica ted culture as shown by the novel. One clear difference between most modern societies and the Ibo society was that state of war between different clans or tribes does not occur. The Ibo culture praises manliness and parades fighters. Today, society teaches us to honor warriors who fight against other countries, rather than with regional clans. This quote shows that long difference between the two time periods.Chapter 9For the first time in three nights,Okonkwo slept.He woke up oncein the middle of thenightand his mind went back to the pastthreedays without making him encounter uneasy. He began to wonder why he had felt uneasy at all. (Page 75)In this quote, we see that Okonkwo is noticing something wrong. He feels that something is simply not right, yet he cannot go out what it quite is. Later on in the novel, we will learn that things fall apart. This quote is an indication that something wrong will happen. This shows Achebe using foreshadowing to provide cortical potential in to what might happen next.Chapter 10Okonkwos wives, and perhaps other women as well, might have discover that the secondegwugwuhad the springy walk of Okonkwo. And they might also have noticed that Okonkwo was not among the titled men and elders who sat behind the row ofegwugwu. But if they thought these things they kept them to themselves. (Pages 89-90)This quote portrays a scene in much feature objet dart also using humor. The thoughtful silence of the women is extremely ironic. The quote reveals the attitude of women on the topic of power. Here, the women also reveal that they posses more knowledge of earthly concern as compared to what they wish to reveal. Therefore, Achebe seems to recognize the importance and equality of women, something which was not usually regarded in a male dominant society.Chapter 11Go home and sleep, said Okonkwo. I shall wait here. (Page 108)Okonkwo seems to genuinely love his family. He also seems to have genuine concern over the welfare and wellbe ing of his children. In this quote, Okonkwo demonstrates his concern over the safety of his family. Although some would argue that Okonkwos iron fisted rule clearly shows no love for his family, I would differ. Perhaps, these beatings, instead, represented the way people acted in the society at that time. Physical punishment was very common in the era. Therefore, it is possible that Okonkwo was only using the beatings as a method to teach his children discipline. Basically, Okonwo loves his family, however, he is afraid to show this quality since her fears that it might portray him as being feminine.Chapter 12Okonkwo was also feeling tired, and sleepy, for although nobody else knew it, he had not slept at all last night. (Page 112)Chapter 12 marks the first time that Okonkwo seems to be tired. This was a quality that he detested. Achebe shows Okonkwos tiredness to conflict with his earlier beliefs. This shows Okonkwos hypocritical nature. The fact that Okonkwo broke his vow is pivo tal since they were the foundation of his life. This will cause problems for him further on in the novel.Chapter 13The only course open to Okonkwo was to flee from the clan. (Page 124)In the second part of the novel, Achebe uses several(prenominal) incidents that hold back Okonkwo from the commendation of his tribesman, establishing asimilarity towards his own father. This was surprising considering his own hatred for his father. In this quote Okonkwo accidently kills the tribesmans son and then escapes from the village to hide from any punishment. This shows his cowardness, a characteristic possessed by his father. This also shows Okonkwos hypocrisy. After all, he, himself, looked down upon cowards.Chapter 14It was like beginning life anew without the vigor and enthusiasm of youth, like schooling to become left-handed in old age.(Page 131)Okonkwo, after noticing change in his society, felt difficult to go on with his life. He had to start a intelligence operation chapter in his l ife. This quote illustrates Okonkwo as a person who seems to have lost his will to live life. Okonkwos qualitys and his goal in becoming a fighter, unlike his father, evaporate away and he becomes a different man.Chapter 15Those were good days when a man had friends in distant clans. Your generation does not know that. You cover at home, afraid of your next-door neighbor. Even a mans mother bestow is strange to him nowadays. (Page 137)In this quote, Unchendu is telling Okwondo about the past. Although, the quote refers to men interacting within their classes, on a deeper level, it shows the change that has occurred within the society. People are changing and tradations are changing as well. The traditions that the people of the society want to stay the homogeneous are changing as well. This will eventually be the things that fall apart. Yet, all of this was expected. After all, the title of the novel is Things Fall Apart. Since everything was going so perfectly, something was bou nd to happen.Chapter 16The missionaries had come to Umuofia. They had build their church there, won a handful of converts and were already sending evangelists to the surrounding areas and villages. (Page 143)The invasion of the Europeans of Africa was expected. Achebe mentions that the missionaries were moving there. Although, I do not endorse the Europeans coming into Africa, the Europeans coming into the village illustrated a very interesting idea the clashing of cultures. Their invasion of the villages illustrated how the traditional set of the Umuofia society could be so easily changed by this modern theology. This gives everyone a chance to think for themselves, rather than simply following what was traditionally thought of to be right. It gave the people a choice. This choice was taken by Nwoye who made his own path in life.Chapter 17Living fire begets cold, impotent ash.(Page 153)This quote is metaphor for a very important idea. This comes after Nwoyesrejection of traditio nal Igbo values and conversion to Christianity. Nwoye, the oldest son of Okonkwo, is lazy and weak (according to Okonkwo). This quote emphasizes the realization of Okonkwo that his behavior leaves powerlessness in others, especially his son. Okonkwo believes the Nwoye and his father posses the same weakness.Chapter 18In the land of his fathers where men were bold and warlike. In these seven years he would have climbed to the utmost heights. And so regretted everyday of his exile (p.163).This excerpt also emphasizes Okonkwos desire for power and status. During his exile, Okonkwo got in touch with the feminine side inside him. Okonkwo is a man who loves courage and Umuofia was full of men who fit that description. It seems that Okonkwo will go back to Umuodia and everything will have changed. After all, the title of the novel is Things Fall Apart. Nothing has fallen apart, yet so something is bound to happen. This idea shows that Achebe, like Charles Dickens, too, uses the idea of for eshadowing.Chapter 19I fear for you young people because you do not understand how strong is the bond of kinship. You do not know what it is to speak with one voice. (Page 167)This quote is told by an elder to Okwondo. Kinship and connections, which have been crucial parts of the Ibo culture, seem to fall apart as the novel progresses. This quote sparks questions in my mind. Was there any atomization amongst the Ibo people from colonization? The Ibo people gathered for wrestling matches and other festivities. Okonkwo clashes with his culture very often.Chapter 20The white man is very clever. He came quietly and peaceably with his religion. We were amused at his foolishness and allowed him to stay. Now he has won our brothers, and our clan can no longer act like one. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart. (Page 176)Obierika mourns over the white man coming to Africa. However, at the same time, he believes that it is the Africans fault for le t the white man come. Mr. Brown, the first white missionary, believes that it is necessary to act peacefully in order to convert people. When Reverend Smith replaces him, he goes against the indigenous tribes and treats them badly.Chapter 21He mourned for the clan, which he saw breaking up and falling apart and he mourned for the warlike men of Umuofia, who had so unaccountably become soft like women (Page 183)Okonkwo wanted that the ideology of his clan should survive. The society to have several violent attributes. By giving into the Christians, Umuofia broke up and fell apart and turned as soft as women. I believed that Okonkwo did not pay the consequences because he killed the messenger. Okonkwo had killed others before. Okonkwo die offd because he did it for himself and the beliefs of the clan.The quote above not only shows Okonkwos dismay at the fall of the clan, but also his hatred of feminine qualities, a controversial topic in the novel.Chapter 22He saw things as cutting and white.And black was evil.He saw the humans as a battlefield in whichthe children of light were locked in mortal conflict with the sons of darkness. (Page 184)Mr. Smith speaks against the god Baal. Many struggles against Baal have been mentioned in the Bible. This shows Achebes criticism of racism. Achebe criticizes the black and white idea. Most racism is based on stories rather than any practical events. Therefore, this view has modified reality, something which Achebe seems to be very against.Chapter 23For the first time in many years Okonkwohad a feeling that was akin to happiness. The times which had altered so unaccountably during his exile seemed to be coming round again. The clan which had turned false on him appeared to be making amends. (Page 192)This quote symbolizes a change, something which has happened very rarely in the novel. The status of the clan remains somewhat the same in various portions of the novel. However, at this time, the tribe is prosperous which is unlike the norm. However, this happiness will not last for long. After all, the novel has to live up to its expectations which are clearly revealed in the novel something must fall apart. This indicates that perhaps the tribe will disintegrate in the last few chapters. This might lead to a drastic turn in the novel.Chapter 24He knew that that Umuofia would not go to war. He knew because they had let the other messengers escape (Page 205).Okonkwos suicide meant more than his own tragedy. It symbolized the off of his society and all the values that prevailed. I think he killed himself because he felt there was no more hope in believing that his tribe would survive and defend itself. Okonkwo tried to represent that everything his tribe wanted. If the tribe wasnt going to survive with the way people were growing up, then he wanted to die too. If the societys life was going to be taken, his was going to be taken too.Chapter 25He had already chosen the title of the book, after much thou ghtThe peace of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger. (Page 209)This quote indicates the racist attitude that the District Commissioner has towards the local tribes. He is a pompous man who thinks he understands the indigenous culture and tribes, while he clearly does not. While he feels that he is bringing peace to the region, he is clearly doing nothing of the sort. He also seems to be very shallow. He makes remarks on love of superfluous words of the villagers. In this, he mocks the language of the villagers.

The Police and Crime

The Police and CrimeHistory of Criminal InvestigationThe probe of crime involves the work of various facts and findings, with the intention of finding whether an individual is guilty or not, for an offence. This process involves the use of a variety of techniques, which includes interviews, interrogations, forensic analysis, etc (Fisher Fisher, 2012). The investigation of crime is a sentiment that has a long history, and the function of detectives was able to develop gradually. However, it is important to explain that, it is the CID who had the responsibility of investigating crime. This was a specialized unit, responsible for investigating crime, and could be imbed in all police stations in the United Kingdom (Beauregard and Martineau, 2014). However, the powers of investigators were ambiguous. This is because on that point wasnt any law that was able to spell out the determination of investigators, and the rights of the throng under investigation (Rossmo and Summers, 2015). This was a major challenge to the investigatory process, basically because the detectives could breach on the rights of people, because of the absence of a clear guideline on how to investigate (Taylor, Fritsch and Liederbach, 2014). Furthermore, investigators had genuinely limited training. This had an impact of negatively bear upon the efficiency of their investigations, hence the results. It is because of these limited training, that the status of investigatory self-assurancers was able to rise up very slowly. Organizational ProcessesCrown Prosecution ServiceUntil 1984, it was the police department that was in charge of the investigation of culpable activities. The introduction of the 1984, law of Police and Criminal depict Act (PACE) is significant, because it was able to identify the percentage of the police officers, and the rights that the public had. This is with the intention of protecting the citizens from abuses by the police. Until 1986, it is the police who were responsible for investigating crime, and prosecuting crime. However, this responsibility and duties changed in the socio-economic class 1986. This is basically because of the emergence of the Crown Prosecution Office. This came into being with the enactment of the 1985 Prosecution Offences Act. The Crown Prosecution Office has the responsibility of prosecuting every felon charge, brought against an individual (Newburn, 2012). This office is very important because it ensures that the police would not be the prosecutors, as well as the investigators of a criminal offence. This helps in protecting the citizens from abuses by police officers, who whitethorn carry out inadequate investigation, and press charges with limited evidence (Carr-Hill Stern, 2014). The impact of this situation is that the police officers may prosecute an innocent person, or they may develop to get justice to the victim, because of the inability of successful prosecuting the case, leading to a conviction. The Crown Prosecution Service is in that locationfore important, basically because it would ensure that the quality of investigation is high, and cases atomic number 18 brought to the courts, if there is sufficient evidence warranting their prosecution (Baker, 2013). This has therefore helped in solving issues pertaining to poor investigation of an offence.Volume CrimesIn as frequently as there is the existence of the crown prosecution service, it is very difficult to solve and investigate volume crimes (Beauregard and Martineau, 2014). These atomic number 18 the majority of offences that are committed in England and Wales. These criminal activities are very difficult to solve, hence on most occasions, their victims normally do not get justice. Because of their large number, the criminal department is overwhelmed in investigating these criminal activities. This means that there are no enough personnel who can help in investigating these criminal activities. This is a major challen ge go about investigators (Lister, 2013). To solve on this situation, there is a need of hiring more personnel, and training them on the best methods of investigating this type of crime.Serious Crimes The investigation of serious crimes is in any case has challenges. The CID has a monopoly in this area, and it makes it difficult for other organs of the police force to demand for accountability in the manner which these criminal activities are investigated. Furthermore, the media has portrayed the investigation of these types of offences as glorious, and this limits the effectiveness of investigators. An example is the protease inhibitor Holmes series of investigations, where the media glorifies the activities of detective Holmes (Taylor, Fritsch and Liederbach, 2014). This is a misconception portrayed by the media.Risk FactorsFurthermore, the quality of investigation is affected by the risks that are placed on police officers to perform. This is in circumstances when there is a public outcry on the rise of insecurity in certain areas of the country. in addition much pressure has the capability of affecting the quality of an investigation (Griffiths, 2014). There is also too much reliance on interviews and this is a challenge because people may lie while being interviewed. Furthermore, it is possible to categorize such kinds of evidence as hearsay by the courts. This means that they will not be admissible (Kassin et al, 2014). Investigators, also have a close relationship with criminals. This is basically because it is difficult to crack an underground crime organization without the help of criminals officers. This is unethical practice, because it is unseasonable to associate with people, that they are tasked to fight against.Detection RatesDetection rates also present a challenge to investigation of crime. This refers to the criminal activities that have been successfully solved. This is always a political process, and the judges and the courts may be influenced. This is based on the perception of the society.Forensic Science and the MediaThe emergence of the media has played a role in blurring reality, with fiction. This means that it has an influence in making some fictional activities to be reality, hence affecting the quality of investigation. Take for example, the investigative ability of Sherlock Holmes. He is a fictional character, depicted as being highly talented. Some of his skills are not realistic, and cannot be implemented. Furthermore, lack of high quality technologies plays a role in limiting the results of investigation. Debate arises in the United Kingdom, on the need of reviewing some cases that were prosecuted in 1980s, and early 1990s, with the use of technology, for purposes of solving them. Furthermore, because of inadequate skills, there is poor use of forensic technology, for purposes of determining the real culprit of a criminal offence. Poor communication of its use is also a factor affecting the qualit y of investigations. ConclusionThere are a lot of challenges facing the investigations of criminal offences. As discussed earlier, one of the crimes that police are unable to investigate adequately are voluminous crimes. This is because of the lack of enough personnel, who can investigate these criminal activities. Furthermore, the monopoly of the CID over serious crimes makes it to be unaccountable to any policing department. In as much as these challenges exist, with proper reforms and policies, there is a possibility of overcoming them. BibliographyBAKER, S. (2013). Has the introduction of Police and Crime Commissioners providedaccountability to local people? a Case Study in Hampshire and IOW.BEAUREGARD, E., MARTINEAU, M. (2014). No body, no crime? The role of forensicawareness in avoiding police detection in cases of sexual homicide. Journal of CriminalJustice, 42(2), 213-220. CARR-HILL, R. A., STERN, N. H. (2014). Crime, the police and criminal statistics ananalysis of offici al statistics for England and Wales using econometric methods.Academic Press.FISHER, B. A., FISHER, D. R. (2012). Techniques of crime scene investigation. CRC Press.GRIFFITHS, A. G. F. (2014). Mysteries of police and crime. Arthur George Frederick Griffiths.KASSIN, S. M., KUKUCKA, J., LAWSON, V. Z., DECARLO, J. (2014). Does videorecording alter the behavior of police during interrogation? A mock crime-and-investigation study. Law and human behavior, 38(1), 73.LISTER, S. (2013). The new politics of the police police and crime commissioners and theoperational independenceof the police. Policing, 7(3), 239-247. NEWBURN, T. (Ed.). (2012). Handbook of policing. Routledge.ROSSMO, D. K., SUMMERS, L. (2015). Routine Activity theory in Crime Investigation. The Criminal Act The Role and Influence of Routine Activity Theory, 19. TAYLOR, R. W., FRITSCH, E. J., LIEDERBACH, J. (2014). Digital crime and digitalterrorism. Prentice Hall Press.

Study On The Deprivation Trap Religion Essay

Study On The Deprivation Trap Religion Es feel outThe government of South Africa has called in an expert in union developing to assist a group of undivideds who have created an NGO (Non- governmental organization) to help deal with the estrange landing that has happened 20 years ago. The gentles salvage the aliens and put them in a restricted zone on the outskirts of the city called District 9. In the beginning the MNU ( international united), a multinational cooperation was in charge and was recently disbanded from service because the company ill-treating the alien group. It is the experts job to help the NGO correct manage the aliens and treat them the counselling a regular(prenominal) association in South Africa would be treated, as many say that the very fact that they have traveled here way this particular species (or celluloid intelligence) is so far beyond us. The idea that the merciful race regards them, as low-grade life forms is not quite realistic. In summary, the main aim of the MNU was almost the forced relocation of the aliens from District 9 to District 10, moving the aliens even further outside the outskirts of South Africa. Besides organism constricted to the township and being forcibly relocated, they suffer various early(a) kinds of oppression by MNU, very closely to the way blacks were treated during the time of apartheid, making the aliens grand and inefficient to curse the homosexual race further.According to Flora and Flora (1993) society development unites the make loveledge of community with development. Community being a group of commonwealth who constituent common characteristics, identity, Interests and perceived itself as separate in virtually regard from the larger society it exists. For this reason, community development depends on interaction surrounded by plurality and combined action, rather than individual activity. Cavaye (2000) added that putting the two terms together community development means that a community itself participates in a turn intended to recover the genial, economic and environmental situation of the community. While on the parvenue(prenominal) hand development is the process of choice, different ways of thinking, anticipate transpose and try to improve quality of life for those living in the community.2. The neediness trapThe concept of the deprivation trap (Refer to the Appendix) shows clusters of groups of deficiency that interact with each other (pentagon of interactive golf links between each) to form the trap the people find themselves in and trying to survive it. This traps simulation consists of the followingPowerlessness, this purely means soulfulness who does not have any power, who is helpless as they be lacking the unavoidable legal authority. People who fall in this heading atomic number 18 fearful to express their require and argon trying to hold on to what little they have without having that proposen away from them, Heywood (2007 ) In short stated it is the lack of social and economical influence.The aliens ar stranded in South Africa, as they are unable to find the necessary object needed to start their ship to take them back home. Therefore not only are they in a foreign come forward with no knowledge of the customs they are also unable to help themselves because they do not have the necessary resources. The humankind on that pointfore take advantage of this by forcing them to relocate to district 10 without giving them describe before hand. If the human did not like the answer, the aliens gave to their questions they would shout and threaten to shoot them and in some instances gloat at them.Isolation, people who live in remote, inaccessible, mystic and quarantined areas, where assess to health care facilities, job opportunities, clean water, security, command etc is either out-of-the-way, scarce or in some cases non-existent. Therefore, their geographical area secluded them from the rest of civil ization, where help is not easier to come across.There is a special section of Johannesburg that frosted the aliens (district 9), this keeps them away from the human civilizations the humanity do prefer it this way. An individual from the community says, They must fix the ship and go. Another state at least they kept away from usPoverty, Swanepoel and de Beer (2011) in short stated that impoverishment send word roughly be seen as the lack of having necessary land, assets, jobs, money, skills etc to be able to agency properly to trifle abstract (e.g. Human dignity), concrete (e.g. white-hot Water) and most bigly basic unavoidably (e.g. food) needs to function in society healthy both(prenominal) financially and mentally.They do not have money, human education, resources indeed they are taken advantage off and are treated like animals (served cat food as meals).Physical Weakness, a someone is in a state of being weak on that pointfore, they do not have any physical strength to improve their lives. In some cases chronic illnesses are contracted which affect physical weakness even more than.They are placed in an area that is not hygienic, there are piles of litter eitherwhere, they excrete in the opened, there are meat chopping in the middle of the road, over all the area looks like the slums. Therefore, they are not physically strong or have the energy to do anything around it. The only proper source of food that they could possibly purchase is cat food, if they are unable to afford that which are disposed(p) in exchange for the aliens advance weapons, they have to eat the pile of dirty leftover foodVulnerability, this is where a person has limited choice and engagement, which provokes them behind stick outdidates to be intimidated, and taken advantage off.Since they had no power, and are living in penury and isolation this makes the aliens vulnerable, Humans knowing this use ways of manipulations to get the aliens to do what they needed, they bribed with cat food and other occasions threatened to take way their children if they did not cooperate with what they wanted. In other cases, we see that they destroy the aliens eggs, which they call abortion.The deprivation trap is an interconnected trap, the only way a CDW (Community developer worker) can break the hold the trap has over the people is, according to Swanepoel and de Beer (2011) is to figuratively break the links in the chain and therefore the trap shall be broken or at least loosen that hold. With the above information, it is clear to see how easy it was for the humans to coerce the aliens into doing as they please.3. Ethical and practical principles3.1 Ethical Principles new wave Heerden (2005) states that ethics is a set of rules or a standard that regulates the lives of people and are used to make decisions in some instances. from each one individual have their own personal ethics and this helps them determine the proper(a)ness and wrongness of things. Swa nepoel and de Beer (2011) mentioned six districted ethical principles that every community developer should consider when handout into a community3.1.1. Human OrientationPeople who have fallen into the deprivation trap have not been undefeated in meeting their daily basic needs, therefore a CDW should help enable the community to live fulfilling life with all their needs met. The most important abstract need is human dignity this is where they are aware that they are able to make decisions for themselves making them feel self-relevant and self-efficient. As they meet their internal potential, it motivates the community to fulfill their physical needsHuman dignity according to Kleyn and Viljeon (2010) is one of the essential needs for individuals. Looking at the way the aliens where treated its clear that their human dignity has not been met. They aliens where unable to reach their full potential as the humans restricted their attempts, this discouraging them even further. They w here also treated as barbarians, given names such as prawn, constantly being swore at and treated as punching bags and humiliation around every corner, they are also shown publically urinating, viciously ripping meat apart, and fighting with each other constantly.3.1.2. ParticipationWhen the community participate they become part of the decision making and planning process, which on fall back makes them feel empowered and in control of their surroundings. The humans avoided at all cost getting the aliens to be carryd in maintaining the environment and having some say about their circumstances, thus encouraging the submissiveness of the aliens.3.1.3. EmpowermentSimply stated by Heywood (2007) empowerment refers to the political power, not having the necessary skills to complete a task still instead have power to make decisions.The aliens had no power in any circumstance, they where always watching their back and worried about a human encounter. When a human approached they had to go down on their needs to show that the humans had the authority, they where always being belittled and mocked and if they showed a sign of emancipation they where weapon downed.3.1.4. OwnershipThis helps people gain power to make decisions in their own life. According to Swanepoel and de Beer (2011), they mentioned that it is the persons own future and development no one else, as they are the main role- players. Mobilization is used to help trigger the people and allow them to take responsibilities of ownership and management in their future and future projects.Mobilization was not implemented at any depute in the handling of the aliens. Humans preferred that they took the ownership away from the aliens so that they could be in charge of the alien community at all time, giving the humans a adept of authority.3.1.5. ReleaseThe real goal of developmental projects is eliminate poverty, not to address poverty or deal with some of its manifestations of poverty. Therefore trying to r elease the hold the deprivation trap has on the community. They try to gradually improve the communities situation, as a result releasing them from poverty not relieving.As stated on the top, the goal of release is to try and rid the community from poverty, by the looks of the way MNU maintain district 9 it seems as if they where trying to keep the aliens in poverty. They did not try to produce means of improving their living circumstance, such as providing education so the aliens can learn necessary skills to help themselves. Instead, they left them living in slum-like living condition.3.1.6. SustainabilityIf the natural environment is under threat or damaged, then individuals who are integrated part of the environment impart also be under threat or in harm. Healthier natural environment means a gradual improvement of the communitys health.The aliens living condition proves the top true. The environment in which the aliens lived was constantly threating their ability to survive. It was rubbish dumb with aliens urinating everywhere, meat being chuck out in the opened, alien tug-of-war happening in the middle of the road, aliens fights, aliens vomiting in the opened etc3.2 Practical PrinciplesSwanepoel and de Beer (2011) mentioned four districted practical principles that every community developer should consider when going into a community. These practical principles need to be pursued and regarded in order to carry out the ethical principles (mentioned above)3.2.1. LearningThe learning process has an aim to meet needs for an adaptable, continuous, investigational, action-based and assistance. This helps the Community and the CDW to exchange knowledge and resources. Van Heerden (2005), states that people can lead their own change processes of learning, because of some of the success stories that she have taken put down off. The main aim is to emphasis autonomy as the community is very capable to make their own decisions, as this would also give them a sens e of empowerment.Firstly, MNU provided no learning opportunity for the aliens thus not giving them an opportunity to try to make a difference in their community and the human one. They had no autonomy or empowerment so they where unable to be adaptable and make decisions in their own lives. Secondly there was no CDWs or projects implements in attempts to help better their stay and encourage knowledge expression in district 9 for the aliens.3.2.2. CompassionCDW should pursue being able to be likable or empathetic, this is especially useful when the community is in that deprivation trap and have lost take to. Baron, Branscombe and byrne (2009) states that Compassion helps them build trust, gain friendships and co-operation with the community members.Considering the other pinpoint principle discussed it is accurate to say that compassion was one of the main practical principle that MNU fell short off. There was no compassion was so ever shown to the aliens, the aliens where consta ntly being called derogatory names, blasphemed, threatened usually for no reason, being captured, their baby eggs being burned, Nigerians kill and eat the aliens, the aliens held at gun point or being shot at from the sky.These principles are undeniably essential to make community development works as it works on loose the people from the deprivation trap.3.3 ConflictVan Heerden (2005) wrote that conflict is when two or more values, perspectives and options are contradictory in nature and have not been reorient or agreed about yet. The main reason conflict arises is by miscommunication, meaning messages that have been carried across wrongly. Since communication arises from miscommunication, the way to overcome it is by well-behaved communication. There are varies causes of conflict that Mersham and Skinner (2009) mentioned such as unclear boundaries which are definitions not being understood clearly, Clashing interests and personalities, situation, consensus needed, misunderstand ing and unresolved foregoing conflict with the receiver. Cavaye (2004) went on saying that values are another reason why conflict arises. Community values are diverse and inherently involve conflict. Community members maintain very unusual values based on their own experience and background. The expression of values involves managing conflicting views and community power.There was unimpeachably a communication barrier that arise between the humans and the aliens, which did in fact cause conflict which lead to hundred of aliens being killed.3.4. Rights violationEach individual on this major planet when born is entitled to pays. According to Kleyn and Viljoen (2010) rights are the core to humanity and is therefore inviolable, no one can take these rights away, people are born with them. Human rights are the formulation of the requisite for fairness, acceptance, mutual respect, and human dignity in all endeavors. Grech (2006) states ones human rights are not apt(p) by the state and instead is an innate quality that each human been is granted when they are born.When it came to the handling of the aliens there where regrettably numerous areas of the rights that where violated, for instance the right that was most violated was the right of human dignity, this is according to Kleyn and Viljoen (2010) is having respect for the individual and regarding their self-respect. The aliens where treated with no respect, the humans manipulated them on many occasions and demoted them as individuals, there was even a derogatory names for them called Prawns, referring to them as bottom feeders and those who scavenge the leftovers and make the aliens basic food supply being cat food. Other right that where violated was the right to life, as the humans killed the aliens without second guessing and in one instance burned a house of eggs that was soon to esteem with baby aliens. The right to privacy, the aliens had the right to do as they please in their homes barely the humans rampaged in their houses and accusing them of unnecessary allegations. The right of large-mindeddom of movement which was demolished when the aliens where restricted and detained to living only in district 9 and where not allowed to move from that area or they would be killed. The right to nationality and a gratis(p) and fair world, meaning everyone has the right to be a certain colour, gender, age etc the aliens where alienated because they where a different nationality from what the average human race is used to therefore being treated as felons and excluded from civilization. There was no free or fair treatment taken into consideration toward them. The right to food, shelter, and education, shelter was provided but not sufficient or safe enough. Food supply was only cat food, which is only appropriate for cats. In addition, education at no point in time was offered to help teach the aliens about the human customs. The right to live free, the humans killed the aliens without he sitation and made some of them into experimental lab rats. Freedom of expression, if the aliens Questioned the human authority they where held at gunpoint or manipulated in to giving in.The violation of rights leads to suffering and devastation which most of the time arises from conflict ( discussed in the previous section), in some cases it can cause physical and psychological harm and in the instance of the aliens political oppression of discrimination arise which made their basic needs easier to deny. Maises (2003) states war crimes as the laws of armed conflict forbid acts of hostility on people in a community and the use of firepower that triggers unnecessary suffering or long-term environmental damage, exactly what happened with the aliens in district 9. Lastly, genocide was is also an issue that arises especially with the aliens, when the humans coldly burnt the aliens baby eggs.5. Recommendation for better handling of the aliens.It was clear that MNU handling of the aliens w ere cruel, vicious, brutal, merciless and appalling which made the aliens untrusting, fearful and skeptical of the humans. The new NGO group is trying to overcome this circumstance and make the planet livable for all. By doing this, the following recommendations should be taken into consideration5.1. The organization as an enabler of community developmentThe main goal of any Community developer is to make the community enablers and an enabling environment. This simply means that it enables the community to adapt to the ever-changing environment that they live in.The aliens where unable to be involved in development previously, so it is essential that a CDW gets the aliens to be involved in community work, this contributes to helping them feel welcome and at the same time facilitating confidence building within.5.2. The local development environmentThe local environment helps CDW become aware of the global context, as the existing situation being the environment is fundamentally valu able. By knowing these environments, it helps aid towards support and strengthens it. These environments also play a key role in communication, also being one of the fundamental aspects of an enabling community and improvement of the community. The following are the different environment that would be useful to the alien community we haveSocial Environment, Baron, Branscombe and Byrne (2009) notes that this environment consists of bodies such as families, churches, clubs or formal institutions such as friendships. All communities are organized differently and a CDW should consider those when entering one. Some of the negative factors in this area could be power struggle, different group formations and crime.By understanding the way the aliens gather and group to form entitles it would make the CDW able to better communicate and make the necessary change that is needed. The social environment is very important and should be stable so that adaptation is successful to eradicate the neg ative aspects.Cultural Environment, this consists of societys values, morals and the person tradition. It is essential that a CDW creates an environment where the individuals space is true to the values they where brought up in. Cavaye (2004) states that values regulate progress significances. Additionally by understanding these traditions, it forms a framework of understanding the reasons behind the way people act and react to actual life.The aliens have come from a different cultural background therefore the CDW should hold out their knowledge on the aliens elaboration so that the aliens can feel part of a bigger picture. It is also important for the aliens to understand the South African culture if they would like to reside on the planet comfortably.Psychological Environment, every persons experience to life would be different from each other. Willian and Sheffe (1989) writes that abstract manifestation of their experience of reality is know as the psychological make-up of peo ple. The negative aspects could be stress, psychological scars, fear, and feeling of rejection, lack of self-esteem and empowerment and apathy from outside community.Due to the ill-omened circumstance that the aliens had to deal with during MNU rein, which left the aliens scared, battered and fearful of any future endeavors. It is important that the CDW beings working on those abstract feeling so that trust can once again be integrated in their lives, which will motivate them into helping create a better future for themselves and the community alike.5.3. Community as the main actorAccording to the Oxford study dictionary (2002) defines Community as a body of people living in a distinct place considered as a whole, they have common interests and values. According to the definition, it is easy to say that the community should be the main-role players as they have the expert community knowledge about their specific area they live in.The aliens where treated submissively since their ar rival 20 years ago, therefore by creating a space where they feel they are in charge can bring some of their confidence back. It can also help the humans gain trust from the aliens and finally help the aliens to have some authority in terms of the living conditions they preferred, this would to help make them feel comfortable, as they are far away from their home.5.4. Communication and MotivationCommunication is a very intricate process that is unpredictable because different people use different codes of communication, hence why there can be barriers of communication that can arise. Swanepoel and de Beer (2011) mentioned some barriers that can arise is the receiver ( The target person) might be afraid of the sender (where the message originated), receiver may have expectations, the receiver at the moment may be preoccupied, there could be a physical disability, environmental interruptionsIf communication was done from the beginning, there would have never been that conflict between the aliens and the humans. Communication would have created understanding on both parts and thus interventions could have been installed to help sort out the novelty that has arise. Communication would of also made the human community a bit more open minded to the arrival of the aliens, therefore CDW aim should be to communicate effectively so that both side without a doubt understand each other till the very end.Motivation, communication is implemented for various reasons, one of those reasons are to motivate people. Van Heerden (2005) said that motivation could contain hope and a positive outlook on life, being enthusiastic and keen and help change the communities attitude in a progressive way. In summary motivation can lead a person to change their mindset in a positive and innovating way such as feeling a sense of triumph, being entrusted with responsibilities and achieving them.It is noted that due to the harsh after effects of MNU the aliens have lost all hope in the human ra ce. It is the CDW job to try to change their perception about the human race, hence why motivation is the best tool for this instance. Motivation in all occasions in the aliens life can help push the aliens to start getting smart and adapt to the South African environment, and with the efforts from the aliens would push the humans to become more productive in trying to understand and fully accepting the aliens.5.5. Goals of contact makingThe main goals are to get to know the people and being accepted in and analyze exactly what the community needs. Getting to know the people is all about understanding the circumstance of each person. The needs are what the individual want introduced to better their circumstances e.g. schools for the children.The needs of the aliens are to be accepted unconditionally and to live a normal life free to pursue their human rights and meet their basic needs on a regular basis. By making this possible, they shall gain a sense of empowerment that will help motivate them for further development in their lives and in the community.5.6. Outcomes of community developmentMost CDW fail in their attempt to help develop the community, mainly because they are approaching the approach wrong. There are couple of positive attributes that needs to be followed to create a positive outcome for the community as stated by Swanepoel and de Beer (2011)Awareness creation, this approach is used to help the community become aware of their surrounds and therefore understanding it better.When the aliens becomes aware of themselves in terms of the environment, needs, resources etc there are able to make some changes to their situation, and with that gaining knowledge.Further development, by becoming aware the community is able to recognize what needs to be done, therefore goals are set, some are reached, and therefore further development can be doneWhen the Aliens become aware and are able to further develop they are able to fulfill abstract needs and gain c onfidence and optimism to approach new horizons.Demonstration effect, successes in certain places have influence on other areas and outside observes to participate in leading a hand. By a community accepting the aliens and attempting to bond with them, other would follow in their steps, according to Baron, Branscombe and Byrne (2009) this know as social influence.Community Building not only does the concept of community development aid in strengthening a community but is also helps support abstract and concrete needs and help them become more aware, creating dignity in which they can be self-sufficient and self-relevant.This helps the aliens become more involved and for that reason can teach them skills such as being adaptable, organized and becoming their own community developers.5.7. Education and human rightsAs discussed in Part 1 by assigning human rights to the aliens and living up to those promises it would help the handling of the aliens become easier and developmental run sm oothly. Rights are important as it provides the framework of security, which would give the aliens piece of mind knowing they have their rights to fall back on so a repeat of MNUs behaviors shall not be confabulate on them again.Education is also on of those very essential aspects of growth in any community. By educating, the aliens they will be better able to function in the community thus reduce their fighting among each other, their disempowerment and submissiveness, their demotivation, and lack of survival skills. With the correct education there are able to find jobs, better looks after their family, homes and better handle the community and the human race. Education can be seen as their green card into living and making it on planet earth.6. ConclusionIt was clear that MNU approached the whole situation wrongly from the beginning, not only did they violate the rights of the aliens, but they also did not attempt to effectively communicate and implement a peaceful society for a ll. Society was quick to judge and isolate those that where slightly different without attempting to make means to understand the aliens better. The aliens have arrived in a new planet many are unsure whether it was planned or not but it has happened so if positive interventions are laid out it shall be a interesting challenge to combine the alien and human races. This time using effective method to get the aliens educated and to get the human sure so that better communication is done and there will be no repeat of MNUs behavior.The real voyage of discovery consists not of seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes. Marcel Proust

Smokey the Bear :: essays research papers

Smokey the BearIn 1950, a careless act turned into disaster when a force out burned wild and swept away over 17,000 acres of forest watershed land in the Capitan Mountains, Lincoln National Forest. When the fire had died off, a badly burned cub was rescued from a charred tree. This cub, later named Smokey, was taken to the National Zoo where he lived out the rest of his life. Smokey was soon utilize to create an animated bear aimed at informing people of forest fires and fire prevention. The Smokey the Bear ad campaign was extremely effective and is still being utilise today as a way to inform the public of campfire dos and donts. Advertising is a $125 billion industry that attracts the attention of the public. Advertising is used as a tool of persuasion in television, magazines, radio, billboards, and in-store displays. The incredible amount of money, artistic ability, and intellectual energy spent on advertisements helps us understand the great function of the media and the adv ertisers ability to control their viewers.Advertising in todays society is largely based on brand name recognition. It doesnt matter how good the product being sell is, but rather how good the products advertisements are. A consumer is more likely to purchase a more expensive item because it has a flashy advertisement than taint a cheaper product they have never heard of before.The American public has a very short attention span, so unaccompanied the most colorful, cunning advertisements will hold a persons attention long enough to see what the ad is selling. For instance, wake up is used to sell barely about everything. It is perhaps the only element that can be used by advertisers that the public will never get tired of seeing. A good example of this is alcohol advertisements. What does sex have to do with alcohol? Nothing, but it gives off the impression that when one drinks alcohol it will lead to sex. Of course, this is true to some extent, but the two do not go hand in ha nd. They are completely separate entities that cross paths more times than not, but alcohol advertisements give off the composition that when you purchase a case of beer, you are in store for a good night of sex. Ads like this are very misleading but it proves just how gullible the American public can be. The alcohol company Budweiser uses three frogs to sell beer to the public.

Fallen Souls In the Inferno :: essays research papers fc

Fallen Souls in "The crazy house"Thesis Statement In each Circle and Canto there are various penalties to paybut it is for sure that each forbidden soul in the netherworld will live forever ineternal suffering.I. IntroductionII. Medea and JasonA. Jasons hit the hay affair.B. Medea and the three children exiled.C. Medeas slaying of the three children and Glauce.D. Jasons penalties.III. O. J. SimpsonA. His Crime.B. His Penalties in the Inferno and in life.IV. Benedict ArnoldA. His Crime.B. His Penalties in Hell.V. Conclusion     Cantos III, V, and XXXIV are only three of the Cantos of the fallensouls of the Inferno. The Inferno is the place we call Hell. It reeks with badsmells and bugs and fire along with the many other hideous things. The Infernohas many Cantos and Circles, each for a different sin or wrong doing towardsanother. In each circle and Canto there are different penalties to pay but itis for sure that each forbidden soul in the Inferno will live forever in eternalsuffering.     Our first soul to discuss is eternally locked in Canto V, Circle TwoThe Carnal. This man, Jason, became king of Cornith by committing adulteryagainst his wife, Medea, with the king of Corniths daughter, Glauce. Jasonreturns to Medea and tells her that she and their three children are to leavehis home immediately so he and Glauce can move in. The following day Medeasends Glauce a poisoned robe which kills her. This causes Jason to coiffure toMedea for revenge, where he finds his three children murdered by their mothershand. Jason grief stricken falls upon his own sword and dies there with hissons. Jason is reputed to the Carnal a place where souls who give up there ownlife for passion are swept forever in the tempest of Hell, forever denied thelight of reason and of God, (Literature 635). He is forever with the decide ofHell, Minos.     The Caina is the first ring of the last circle where those whoperfo rmed acts of treachery against their kin, (Literature 638). One destinedfor the Caina is O. J. Simpson. This man committed a sin that would send him toCanto XXXII. Simpson killed his wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her conversancy RonaldGoldman in a jealous rage. Simpson will surely be judged by Minos to go toCaina were his soul will forever have to live in retribution and think aboutwhat he had done against his wife, Nicole. O. J. will also have to live therest of his life on earth and pay cash sums to the Browns and Goldmans.